What Is a Concrete Foundation?

A concrete foundation is the base of a building or structure, designed to support its entire weight and transfer that load safely into the ground. It provides stability, prevents shifting, and protects the structure from issues like settling, cracking, or moisture intrusion. In residential and commercial construction, the foundation is considered the most important part of the project — everything else is built on top of it.

Types of Concrete Foundations:
Slab-on-Grade Foundation

• A single, thick concrete slab poured directly on the ground.
• Common in Waco and Central Texas homes because it’s cost-effective and durable on flat lots.
• Often reinforced with rebar or wire mesh for strength.

Pier and Beam with Concrete Footings

• Uses concrete piers or footings below ground with beams above for support.
• Ideal for uneven terrain or soils that expand and contract.

Basement Foundations (less common in Texas)

• Concrete walls and floors create additional living or storage space below ground.
• More typical in northern climates than in Central Texas.

Why Concrete Foundations Are Important:

• Structural Support: Holds up the entire building.
• Durability: Concrete foundations can last 50–100 years when installed correctly.
• Moisture Protection: Keeps water out of the structure with proper grading and sealing.
• Energy Efficiency: Slabs help regulate indoor temperatures by absorbing and releasing heat.

A concrete foundation is the essential base of any structure, ensuring stability, safety, and longevity. Without a properly designed and installed foundation, even the strongest walls and roofs won’t last. We specialize in new foundation installation, slab-on-grade foundations, and foundation repair services. Whether you’re building a new home, adding a garage, or repairing cracks in your foundation, our team delivers strong, lasting results.

How Thick Should a Concrete Foundation Be?

The required thickness of a concrete foundation depends on the type of structure being built, the soil conditions, and local building codes. In general, most residential slab-on-grade foundations are between 4 and 6 inches thick, while larger homes, garages, or commercial buildings may require thicker slabs with additional reinforcement.

Typical Foundation Thickness Guidelines:

• Standard Residential Slab Foundations:
  
  • Usually 4 inches thick with a reinforced edge.
    
  • Adequate for most single-family homes in Central Texas.
    
• Garage or Heavy-Load Slabs:
  
  • Often 5 to 6 inches thick to handle the weight of vehicles and equipment.
    
• Commercial or Industrial Foundations:
  
  • May require 6 inches or more, depending on load requirements and soil conditions.
    
• Footings (beneath walls or piers):
  
  • Typically 12 inches wide by 12 inches deep, but dimensions vary by design and soil type.
    

Why Thickness Matters:

• Strength & Durability: A thicker slab resists cracking and settling over time.
  
• Soil Conditions: In Waco and Central Texas, clay soils expand and contract with moisture, so proper thickness and reinforcement help prevent shifting.
  
• Load Requirements: Heavier structures like garages, shops, or commercial buildings need thicker foundations to distribute weight evenly.
  

Reinforcement is Key
Regardless of thickness, most concrete foundations require rebar or wire mesh reinforcement to prevent cracking and increase structural strength. Contractors may also add vapor barriers or insulation to improve performance.

​How Long Does a Concrete Foundation Last?

A properly built and maintained concrete foundation can last 50 to 100 years or more. In fact, concrete is one of the longest-lasting construction materials available, which is why it is the standard choice for homes and commercial buildings across Texas and the U.S. The actual lifespan of a foundation depends on the quality of the installation, local soil conditions, and whether routine maintenance is performed.

Key Factors That Affect Foundation Lifespan:

Soil Conditions

• In Waco and Central Texas, clay soils expand and contract with moisture changes. If not properly managed, this can stress foundations and cause cracks over time.
• Proper site preparation, grading, and drainage design are essential for longevity.

Quality of Installation

• A foundation that is the right thickness (usually 4–6 inches for residential slabs) and reinforced with rebar will outlast one that was rushed or poorly reinforced.
• High-quality materials and expert finishing extend durability.

Moisture Control

• Poor drainage is the #1 cause of premature foundation problems. Standing water near the slab or gutter downspouts draining toward the home can weaken soil and cause shifting.

Maintenance & Repairs

• Small cracks should be repaired early to prevent bigger issues.
• Sealing and proper landscaping help protect against water intrusion and erosion.

Most concrete foundations will outlast the homes they support — often a full century or more. The key is proper installation and ongoing care to protect against soil movement and water damage.

​If you’re planning new construction or suspect your foundation may need attention, JGAR Concrete Contractors in Waco is here to help. Our team combines local soil expertise with proven techniques to build and repair foundations that stand the test of time.

​How Much Does a Concrete Foundation Cost?

The cost of a concrete foundation depends on the size of the project, the type of foundation, soil conditions, and reinforcement requirements. On average, homeowners in Waco and Central Texas can expect to pay between $5 and $12 per square foot for a standard concrete slab foundation. That means a typical 1,500–2,000 sq. ft. home foundation usually costs $8,000 to $25,000, while larger or more complex foundations may run higher.

Average Price Ranges by Foundation Type:

• Slab-on-Grade Foundation: $5 – $12 per sq. ft. (most common in Texas homes).
• Pier and Beam with Concrete Footings: $8 – $15 per sq. ft. depending on soil and design.
• Basement Foundation (rare in Texas): $30 – $60 per sq. ft., much more expensive due to excavation and waterproofing.

Factors That Affect Foundation Cost:
Soil Conditions

• Expansive clay soils in Central Texas may require additional excavation, grading, or deeper footings.
• Poor drainage areas may need gravel bases, moisture barriers, or reinforced designs.

Foundation Thickness & Reinforcement

• A standard slab is about 4 inches thick. Garages, shops, or heavy-load areas may require 5–6 inches with rebar, which increases cost.

Site Preparation

• Removing trees, old foundations, or leveling sloped lots adds to the total price.

Design Complexity

• Simple rectangular slabs are less expensive.
• Foundations with multiple corners, footings, or custom shapes cost more.

Additional Features

• Vapor barriers, insulation, plumbing rough-ins, and waterproofing all add to the final price.

​
Most concrete foundations in Waco fall within $8,000–$25,000 depending on size and site conditions. While costs vary, investing in a properly built foundation is critical — it supports your entire home and protects your property for decades.

If you’d like an exact price for your project, the best step is to schedule a free estimate. JGAR Concrete Contractors will evaluate your lot, soil, and design needs to provide a clear, accurate cost breakdown before any work begins.

​Can Concrete Foundations Be Waterproofed?

Yes — concrete foundations can and should be waterproofed to protect your home from moisture damage, soil movement, and long-term structural issues. While concrete itself is strong and durable, it is also porous, which means water can seep through over time. Without proper waterproofing, foundations are vulnerable to cracks, leaks, and mold growth.
​
Common Foundation Waterproofing Methods:

Liquid-Applied Membranes

• A protective coating applied directly to the exterior of the foundation walls.
• Creates a flexible, continuous barrier that prevents water infiltration.

Sheet or Roll Membranes

• Heavy-duty sheets attached to the outside of the foundation.
• Often used for basements or below-grade foundations.

Drainage Systems

• French drains, perforated pipes, or gravel backfill help move water away from the slab.
• Especially important in areas with expansive clay soils like Central Texas.

Sealants & Penetrating Treatments

• Interior waterproof sealers can be applied to cured concrete to reduce absorption.
• Best used as a secondary layer of protection.

Why Waterproofing Matters in Waco and Central Texas:

• Expansive Soils: Clay soils expand when wet and contract when dry, putting stress on foundations. Waterproofing helps regulate soil moisture.
• Heavy Rains: Seasonal storms can saturate soil and increase the risk of leaks.
• Longevity: Waterproofing extends the life of your foundation by reducing cracking and water damage.

Yes — waterproofing a concrete foundation is one of the most important steps in protecting your home. By preventing water intrusion, you reduce the risk of cracks, shifting, and costly repairs in the future.
If you’re building a new home or repairing an existing foundation, JGAR Concrete Contractors in Waco can recommend and install the right waterproofing system for Central Texas soils and weather conditions.

Did You Know?

A properly built and maintained concrete foundation can last 100 years or more, making it one of the most durable investments in your home — far outlasting many other building materials.

How Do You Prevent a Concrete Foundation from Cracking?

Concrete is one of the strongest building materials available, but like all materials, it can develop cracks if not properly installed or maintained. The good news is that most foundation cracks are preventable with the right construction techniques and care. A well-built and properly maintained concrete foundation in Waco, TX can last decades without serious cracking.

Key Ways to Prevent Foundation Cracking:

Proper Site Preparation

• The ground must be graded and compacted to create a stable base.
• In Central Texas, clay soils expand and contract with moisture, so preparation and soil treatment are especially important.

Adequate Thickness & Reinforcement

• A residential slab should be at least 4–6 inches thick, with rebar or wire mesh to add strength.
• Reinforcement helps distribute loads and prevents shrinkage cracks.

Moisture Management & Drainage

• Proper grading ensures water flows away from the foundation.
• Downspouts and gutters should direct rainwater several feet from the slab.
• French drains or gravel backfill may be added in problem areas.

Control Joints

• Strategic cuts in the slab allow controlled cracking in designated areas.
• This relieves natural stress without damaging the main foundation.

Curing the Concrete Correctly

• Concrete needs 28 days to cure fully. Keeping it moist during the early days prevents surface cracks.
• Rushed or improperly cured concrete is much more likely to crack.

Regular Maintenance

• Small cracks should be sealed before they spread.
• Landscaping should be maintained so tree roots don’t interfere with the slab.

Foundation cracks aren’t inevitable — they’re usually the result of poor installation or neglected maintenance. By preparing the soil, reinforcing properly, and managing moisture, you can dramatically reduce the risk of cracking.

​If you’re building a new home or concerned about existing cracks, JGAR Concrete Contractors can help. We use proven techniques and local soil expertise to pour foundations that stay strong and stable for generations.

​Can Old Foundations Be Reinforced or Replaced?

Yes — old foundations can be reinforced or, if necessary, completely replaced. Many homes in Central Texas were built decades ago, and over time, shifting clay soils, moisture changes, and natural settling can weaken a foundation. The good news is that most foundations can be strengthened and repaired without needing full replacement.

​Ways to Reinforce an Old Foundation:

Concrete Piers or Pilings

• Installed beneath the slab to provide additional support and stabilize the foundation.
• Common in homes with sinking or uneven floors.

Steel Rebar & Bracing

• Adding reinforcement to existing areas to reduce further cracking or shifting.

Epoxy Injection & Crack Repair

• Small cracks can often be filled with epoxy or polyurethane to restore strength and stop water intrusion.
  

Drainage Improvements

• Redirecting water away from the home reduces stress on the foundation and helps extend its life.
  

When Replacement Is Necessary:

• Severe structural damage, such as widespread crumbling or major settlement, may require tearing out the old foundation and pouring a new one.
• While replacement is more expensive, it’s sometimes the only option for ensuring safety and long-term stability.

Yes — old foundations can usually be reinforced with piers, rebar, or crack repair, but in extreme cases, a full replacement may be required. The best way to know is with a professional inspection.

​If you suspect your foundation needs attention, JGAR Concrete Contractors in Waco can evaluate the condition and recommend the most cost-effective solution — whether that’s reinforcement, repair, or replacement.

​How Do Contractors Prepare the Ground Before Pouring a Foundation?

Preparing the ground is one of the most important steps in building a strong, long-lasting concrete foundation. If the soil isn’t properly prepared, the slab can shift, crack, or fail prematurely. Professional concrete contractors follow a series of steps to make sure the ground is stable, level, and ready to support the weight of the structure.

Steps Contractors Take Before Pouring a Foundation:

Site Clearing

• Remove grass, roots, rocks, and old concrete.
• Clear the work area to expose undisturbed soil.

Excavation & Grading

• Excavate to the proper depth and level the ground.
• Ensure the soil is graded so water drains away from the future foundation.

Soil Compaction

• Use compacting equipment to press the soil into a dense, stable base.
• Prevents settling and shifting after the foundation is poured.

Base Layer Installation

• Add a layer of gravel or crushed stone to improve drainage and provide extra stability.
• This base also helps prevent water from pooling under the slab.

Moisture Barrier

• Place a plastic sheet or vapor barrier over the gravel.
• Protects the slab from ground moisture and reduces the risk of cracks or mold.

Reinforcement Setup

• Install rebar or wire mesh to strengthen the concrete once poured.
• Reinforcement prevents cracks and ensures long-term durability.

Formwork Installation

• Set up wooden or metal forms around the perimeter.
• Defines the shape, edges, and thickness of the foundation.

Central Texas soils are known for being expansive clay, which swells when wet and shrinks when dry. Without proper grading, compaction, and reinforcement, these soil changes can cause foundation cracks. That’s why working with an experienced contractor is critical.

Contractors prepare the ground before pouring a foundation by clearing, grading, compacting, adding a gravel base, installing moisture barriers, and reinforcing with rebar. This careful process ensures the slab is stable, durable, and ready to support your home or business for decades.

​If you’re planning a new build or foundation repair, JGAR Concrete Contractors has the experience and local soil knowledge to prepare your site properly and pour a foundation built to last in Central Texas conditions.

​How Long Does Foundation Repair Take?

The time required for foundation repair depends on the severity of the damage, the size of your home, and the repair method used. In most cases, homeowners in Waco and Central Texas can expect foundation repair to take anywhere from 1 to 7 days. Small crack repairs may be finished in just a few hours, while major structural reinforcement can take over a week.

Typical Foundation Repair Timelines:
Minor Crack Repairs

• Small cracks filled with epoxy or polyurethane: a few hours to 1 day.
• Usually completed in a single visit.

Slab Reinforcement with Piers

• Installing concrete or steel piers to stabilize the foundation: 2–4 days.
• Time depends on how many piers are needed and soil conditions.

Large-Scale Foundation Repairs

• Major structural repairs, drainage improvements, or partial foundation replacement: 5–7+ days.
• More complex if access is limited or the home has multiple additions.

Factors That Affect Repair Time:

• Extent of Damage: Bigger cracks and major settlement require more work.
• Soil Conditions: Expansive clay soils in Central Texas may require deeper piers.
• Repair Method: Some methods are faster but may not be suited for severe damage.
• Weather: Heavy rain can delay excavation and pier installation.

Most foundation repairs are completed within a week or less, and many small jobs can be finished in a single day. Acting quickly when you notice cracks or uneven floors helps prevent the need for longer, more costly repairs.
If you’re worried about your home’s foundation, JGAR Concrete Contractors can provide a professional inspection and outline a repair plan with a clear timeline — so you’ll know exactly what to expect before work begins.

Did You Know?

Nearly 60% of homes in the United States are built on concrete slab foundations, and in states like Texas, they are the most common choice because they are durable, cost-effective, and perform well in expansive clay soils.

Is Foundation Repair Covered by Insurance?

In most cases, standard homeowners insurance does not cover foundation repair if the damage is caused by natural soil movement, settling, or poor drainage. These issues are considered “normal wear and tear” and are excluded from most policies. However, there are certain situations where foundation repair may be covered.

When Foundation Repair Is Usually Not Covered:

• Soil Expansion & Contraction: Common in Central Texas clay soils; usually excluded.
• Settling or Normal Cracks: Considered a natural part of aging.
• Poor Maintenance: Water pooling around the home or neglected drainage problems.

When It May Be Covered:

• Sudden & Accidental Damage: If the foundation was damaged by a covered event, such as a plumbing leak, fire, or explosion.
• Water Damage from Burst Pipes: If leaking pipes under the slab cause cracks, your policy may cover part of the repair.
• Natural Disasters (with Additional Coverage): Earthquakes and floods typically require separate insurance policies.

What Homeowners Should Do:

1. Review Your Policy: Every policy is different. Look for language about “dwelling coverage” or “sudden and accidental damage.”
2. Ask Your Insurance Agent: Confirm whether slab leaks, water damage, or soil movement are covered.
3. Fix Drainage Issues: Even if insurance won’t pay, prevention saves money in the long run.

The Bottom Line
Most foundation repairs are not covered by standard homeowners insurance unless the damage is caused by a specific covered event. Because Waco’s clay soil is known for shifting, homeowners should be proactive with drainage, maintenance, and early crack repair.

​If you’re unsure whether your repair is covered, JGAR Concrete Contractors can help by providing a professional inspection and documentation for your insurance company. We’ll give you an honest evaluation and outline repair options to fit your budget.